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Cisco 300-215 certification exam is intended for cybersecurity professionals who want to demonstrate their expertise in conducting forensic analysis and incident response using Cisco technologies. Conducting Forensic Analysis & Incident Response Using Cisco Technologies for CyberOps certification validates the candidate's ability to detect, investigate, and remediate security incidents using various tools and techniques. 300-215 exam requires candidates to have a strong understanding of network security, endpoint security, and threat intelligence. By passing 300-215 exam, candidates can prove their proficiency in implementing cybersecurity solutions that are effective in preventing and responding to cyber threats.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Refer to the exhibit.
What do these artifacts indicate?
- A. The MD5 of a file is identified as a virus and is being blocked.
- B. A malicious file is redirecting users to different domains.
- C. A forged DNS request is forwarding users to malicious websites.
- D. An executable file is requesting an application download.
Answer: B
Explanation:
From the exhibit, the first artifact (PE32 executable from syracusecoffee.com) and the second artifact (HTML from qstride.com) suggest a staged malware delivery method. The executable and the HTML file are linked to different domains, often indicating redirection or multi-stage infection strategies, which is common in phishing or malvertising campaigns.
The Cisco guide explains this tactic as: "One file may appear benign but can initiate downloads or connections to external resources to fetch additional payloads or redirect users". This pattern of domain redirection strongly supports Option B.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which two tools conduct network traffic analysis in the absence of a graphical user interface? (Choose two.)
- A. TCPdump
- B. TCPshark
- C. Network Extractor
- D. NetworkDebuggerPro
- E. Wireshark
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
* TCPdumpis a CLI-based packet capture tool that is widely used for real-time traffic inspection and analysis on Unix/Linux systems.
* TCPsharkis a variant CLI tool used similarly for packet analysis.
AlthoughWiresharkis a powerful network protocol analyzer, it requires a GUI. Therefore, it is not suitable for environments without a graphical interface.
NEW QUESTION # 23
Refer to the exhibit.
An HR department submitted a ticket to the IT helpdesk indicating slow performance on an internal share server. The helpdesk engineer checked the server with a real-time monitoring tool and did not notice anything suspicious. After checking the event logs, the engineer noticed an event that occurred 48 hours prior. Which two indicators of compromise should be determined from this information? (Choose two.)
- A. compromised root access
- B. unauthorized system modification
- C. denial of service attack
- D. malware outbreak
- E. privilege escalation
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
According to the event log, a suspicious service was installed (DIAOHHNMPMMRgji) with a service file pointing to a remote share (\\127.0.0.1\admin$\EqnBqKWm.exe). This type of activity strongly suggests:
* A. Unauthorized system modification: Installation of a service without proper authorization, especially with a random or obfuscated name, directly fits the description of system modification. The use of admin$ (administrative share) further implies this wasn't part of standard operations.
* E. Malware outbreak: The use of a service that points to an executable with a seemingly random name and the demand start configuration indicate a potential backdoor or remote-controlled malware. As stated in the Cisco CyberOps Associate guide, event ID 7045 with unusual service names or file paths is a strong Indicator of Compromise (IoC) for malware or persistence mechanisms.
Options like privilege escalation or DoS are not directly evidenced in the event log shown. There's no indication that the LocalSystem account was elevated beyond its default, nor that system resources were overwhelmed (as would be typical in DoS).
NEW QUESTION # 24
A security team is discussing lessons learned and suggesting process changes after a security breach incident.
During the incident, members of the security team failed to report the abnormal system activity due to a high project workload. Additionally, when the incident was identified, the response took six hours due to management being unavailable to provide the approvals needed. Which two steps will prevent these issues from occurring in the future? (Choose two.)
- A. Conduct a risk audit of the incident response workflow.
- B. Create an executive team delegation plan.
- C. Automate security alert timeframes with escalation triggers.
- D. Provide phishing awareness training for the full security team.
- E. Introduce a priority rating for incident response workloads.
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
According to theCyberOps Technologies (CBRFIR) 300-215 study guide, during thepost-incident activity phase, it is critical to analyze lessons learned and update processes to ensure quicker and more efficient response in the future. Specifically:
* Introducing a priority rating for incident response workloads(A) helps address the issue of team members being occupied with other tasks and unable to prioritize abnormal system activity. This ensures incidents are handled based on severity, not just workload.
* Creating an executive team delegation plan(D) addresses the issue of delays due to unavailability of management for approvals. It ensures alternative decision-makers are available for swift action.
These strategies are based on the NIST SP 800-61 Rev. 2 recommendations and are highlighted in the Cisco guide's post-incident activity phase (page 418), which emphasizeslessons learnedand how to reduce detection and response times for future incidents.
Reference:CyberOps Technologies (CBRFIR) 300-215 study guide, Chapter: Dealing with Incident Response, Post-Incident Activity, page 418.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Refer to the exhibit.
What is occurring?
- A. The request was redirected.
- B. An attacker attempted SQL injection.
- C. The requested page was not found.
- D. WAF detected code injection.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
The log entry contains the following key elements:
* The timestamp: (04/Jan/2022:20:18:06 +0000)
* HTTP method and URI: "GET /%60%60%60%60%60%60/ HTTP/2.0"
* HTTP status code: 404
* User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 ... Firefox/95.0
The status code 404 indicates that the requested resource was not found on the server. This is a standard HTTP response that signifies the server could not locate the requested URI (in this case, likely due to a malformed or invalid path /\`````/, where %60 is the URL-encoded form of the backtick character "").
There is no clear evidence of SQL injection, WAF detection, or redirection in this log. The use of encoded backticks may suggest probing behavior, but the log does not show a definitive attack signature.
Therefore, the correct interpretation is:
D). The requested page was not found.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Refer to the exhibit.
According to the SNORT alert, what is the attacker performing?
- A. XSS attack against the target webserver
- B. brute-force attack against directories and files on the target webserver
- C. SQL injection attack against the target webserver
- D. brute-force attack against the web application user accounts
Answer: B
Explanation:
The alert clearly identifies ET SCAN DirBuster Web App Scan in Progress, referencingSID 2008186, which is a Snort signature that specifically detectsDirBusteractivity. DirBuster is a well-known tool used for brute- forcing hidden directories and files on web servers.
The Cisco CyberOps Associate guide and OWASP both identifydirectory brute-forcingas a reconnaissance technique to find unprotected or misconfigured endpoints on web applications, typically prior to launching deeper attacks.
Therefore, the correct interpretation of the alert is:
C). brute-force attack against directories and files on the target webserver.
NEW QUESTION # 27
A network host is infected with malware by an attacker who uses the host to make calls for files and shuttle traffic to bots. This attack went undetected and resulted in a significant loss. The organization wants to ensure this does not happen in the future and needs a security solution that will generate alerts when command and control communication from an infected device is detected. Which network security solution should be recommended?
- A. Cisco Secure Firewall ASA
- B. Cisco Secure Email Gateway (ESA)
- C. Cisco Secure Web Appliance (WSA)
- D. Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (Firepower)
Answer: D
Explanation:
TheCisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (Firepower)includes advanced capabilities such as intrusion prevention, URL filtering, and deep packet inspection. According to the CyberOps guide, it can detect and block C2 communications by analyzing traffic patterns and comparing them to threat intelligence data. The guide specifically states: "Advanced solutions such as Firepower provide detection capabilities for command and control (C2) traffic by identifying unusual outbound connections and behavioral anomalies".
NEW QUESTION # 28
Refer to the exhibit.
According to the SNORT alert, what is the attacker performing?
- A. XSS attack against the target webserver
- B. brute-force attack against directories and files on the target webserver
- C. SQL injection attack against the target webserver
- D. brute-force attack against the web application user accounts
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 29
A new zero-day vulnerability is discovered in the web application. Vulnerability does not require physical access and can be exploited remotely. Attackers are exploiting the new vulnerability by submitting a form with malicious content that grants them access to the server. After exploitation, attackers delete the log files to hide traces. Which two actions should the security engineer take next? (Choose two.)
- A. Enable file integrity monitoring.
- B. Validate input upon submission.
- C. Block connections on port 443.
- D. Update web application to the latest version.
- E. Install antivirus.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
* Input validation (A) is a critical countermeasure to defend against command injection and related vulnerabilities, as discussed in the Cisco guide. Proper validation ensures that malicious commands or payloads are not accepted or executed by the web application.
* File integrity monitoring (E) helps detect unauthorized changes such as log deletion or binary modification, making it a crucial tool in recognizing and investigating tampering attempts.Blocking port
443 (B) would disable HTTPS and is not a practical solution. Antivirus (C) does not prevent form- based application attacks, and merely updating the application (D) may not be sufficient without addressing the underlying input validation flaw.
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NEW QUESTION # 30
An incident response team is recommending changes after analyzing a recent compromise in which:
* a large number of events and logs were involved;
* team members were not able to identify the anomalous behavior and escalate it in a timely manner;
* several network systems were affected as a result of the latency in detection;
* security engineers were able to mitigate the threat and bring systems back to a stable state; and
* the issue reoccurred shortly after and systems became unstable again because the correct information was not gathered during the initial identification phase.
Which two recommendations should be made for improving the incident response process? (Choose two.)
- A. Formalize reporting requirements and responsibilities to update management and internal stakeholders throughout the incident-handling process effectively.
- B. Improve the mitigation phase to ensure causes can be quickly identified, and systems returned to a functioning state.
- C. Modify the incident handling playbook and checklist to ensure alignment and agreement on roles, responsibilities, and steps before an incident occurs.
- D. Allocate additional resources for the containment phase to stabilize systems in a timely manner and reduce an attack's breadth.
- E. Implement an automated operation to pull systems events/logs and bring them into an organizational context.
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
The Cisco study material recommends integrating automation for log/event collection and contextual analysis to reduce detection delays and ensure rapid identification of anomalies. It also emphasizes the need for pre- defined roles and documented steps in anIncident Handling Playbook, following NIST SP 800-61 Rev.2 standards, to improve consistency and readiness during incidents.
NEW QUESTION # 31
A security team is notified from a Cisco ESA solution that an employee received an advertising email with an attached .pdf extension file. The employee opened the attachment, which appeared to be an empty document.
The security analyst cannot identify clear signs of compromise but reviews running processes and determines that PowerShell.exe was spawned by CMD.exe with a grandparent AcroRd32.exe process. Which two actions should be taken to resolve this issue? (Choose two.)
- A. Quarantine this workstation for further investigation, as this event is an indication of suspicious activity.
- B. Upload the .pdf file to Cisco Threat Grid and analyze suspicious activity in depth.
- C. Check the Windows Event Viewer for security logs about the incident.
- D. No action is required because this behavior is standard for .pdf files.
- E. Investigate the reputation of the sender address and temporarily block all communications with this email domain.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
The observed process tree (AcroRd32.exe # cmd.exe # powershell.exe) strongly suggests malicious behavior
, particularly in PDF-based malware attacks leveraging embedded scripts or exploits.
* A is correct: Submitting the suspicious PDF to Cisco Threat Grid allows sandbox analysis to detect hidden malicious behaviors.
* D is correct: The suspicious activity warrants quarantining the host to contain potential spread or further compromise.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Refer to the exhibit.
A cybersecurity analyst is presented with the snippet of code used by the threat actor and left behind during the latest incident and is asked to determine its type based on its structure and functionality. What is the type of code being examined?
- A. basic web crawler for indexing website content
- B. socket programming listener for TCP/IP communication
- C. simple client-side script for downloading other elements
- D. network monitoring script for capturing incoming traffic
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Python code snippet:
* Usessocket.socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM), which indicatesTCP communication
* Connects to a remote server (192.168.1.10on port 80)
* Sends a manual HTTPGETrequest
* Receives the response usings.recv()
This is a classic example ofTCP/IP socket programming, specifically creating asimple TCP clientto communicate with a web server. It does not monitor traffic or crawl websites - it sends a crafted request and prints the response.
Thus, this code best fits:
D). socket programming listener for TCP/IP communication.
NEW QUESTION # 33
What is a concern for gathering forensics evidence in public cloud environments?
- A. Configuration: Implementing security zones and proper network segmentation.
- B. Multitenancy: Evidence gathering must avoid exposure of data from other tenants.
- C. High Cost: Cloud service providers typically charge high fees for allowing cloud forensics.
- D. Timeliness: Gathering forensics evidence from cloud service providers typically requires substantial time.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 34
Refer to the exhibit.
What is occurring?
- A. The request was redirected.
- B. An attacker attempted SQL injection.
- C. The requested page was not found.
- D. WAF detected code injection.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
The log entry contains the following key elements:
* The timestamp:(04/Jan/2022:20:18:06 +0000)
* HTTP method and URI:"GET /%60%60%60%60%60%60/ HTTP/2.0"
* HTTP status code:404
* User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 ... Firefox/95.0
The status code404indicates that the requested resource was not found on the server. This is a standard HTTP response that signifies the server could not locate the requested URI (in this case, likely due to a malformed or invalid path/\`````/, where%60is the URL-encoded form of the backtick character "").
There is no clear evidence of SQL injection, WAF detection, or redirection in this log. The use of encoded backticks may suggest probing behavior, but the log does not show a definitive attack signature.
Therefore, the correct interpretation is:
D: The requested page was not found.
NEW QUESTION # 35
An organization uses a Windows 7 workstation for access tracking in one of their physical data centers on which a guard documents entrance/exit activities of all personnel. A server shut down unexpectedly in this data center, and a security specialist is analyzing the case. Initial checks show that the previous two days of entrance/exit logs are missing, and the guard is confident that the logs were entered on the workstation. Where should the security specialist look next to continue investigating this case?
- A. HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\Winlog
- B. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList
- C. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon
- D. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINES\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentUser
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 36
What is the function of a disassembler?
- A. aids transforming symbolic language into machine code
- B. aids viewing and changing the running state
- C. aids defining breakpoints in program execution
- D. aids performing static malware analysis
Answer: D
Explanation:
Reference:
+analysis&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which tool is used for reverse engineering malware?
- A. NMAP
- B. SNORT
- C. Ghidra
- D. Wireshark
Answer: C
Explanation:
Ghidrais a free and open-source software reverse engineering (SRE) suite developed by the NSA. It includes disassembly, decompilation, and debugging tools specifically designed for analyzing malware and other compiled programs.
The Cisco CyberOps guide referencesGhidraas a top tool for reverse engineering binary files during malware analysis tasks, making it ideal for understanding malicious code behavior at a deeper level.
NEW QUESTION # 38 
Refer to the exhibit. A security analyst notices that a web application running on NGINX is generating an unusual number of log messages. The application is operational and reachable. What is the cause of this activity?
- A. DDoS attack
- B. botnet infection
- C. SQL injection
- D. directory fuzzing
Answer: D
Explanation:
The provided log file contains multiple HTTP GET requests attempting to access various directories and files on the web server such as:
* /balance
* /security
* /finance
* /secret
* /opt
* /fuzzer/admin
These requests appear to be sequential, systematically targeting commonly used file and directory paths. The response codes are mostly 404 (Not Found) and a few 301s, indicating that the requester is trying different permutations of paths to discover hidden or vulnerable endpoints. This behavior is consistent withdirectory fuzzing, a reconnaissance technique used by attackers (or automated tools) to map out web directory structures by sending a high volume of crafted requests to guess hidden or unlinked directories and files.
This is distinct from DDoS (which would manifest as volume-based access issues), SQL injection (which targets specific parameters within requests), or botnet infection (which generally involves command-and- control communication or massive traffic floods).
Reference:CyberOps Technologies (CBRFIR) 300-215 study guide, Chapter on Web Attacks and Threat Identification - Directory Fuzzing Patterns.
NEW QUESTION # 39
A workstation uploads encrypted traffic to a known clean domain over TCP port 80. What type of attack is occurring, according to the MITRE ATT&CK matrix?
- A. Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
- B. Exfiltration Over Web Service
- C. Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol
- D. Command and Control Activity
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the MITRE ATT&CK matrix, when encrypted traffic is tunneled through a legitimate protocol such as HTTP (port 80) to a non-malicious domain, this aligns with the tactic "Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol" (T1048.002). The attacker is trying to hide exfiltration in otherwise benign traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Refer to the exhibit.
- A. Base64 encoding
- B. metamorphic encoding
- C. hex encoding
- D. ASCII85 encoding
Answer: A
Explanation:
The string shown is long, alphanumeric, and includes both uppercase and lowercase letters with numbers- characteristics of Base64 encoding. This format is widely used to obfuscate payloads in malicious scripts, particularly in phishing or malware campaigns. Base64 encoding is also supported by Python and other platforms for data transformation.
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NEW QUESTION # 41
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